Input Into Numeric

Many times you have a variable in SAS that is character and you want to convert it to numeric. This tends to come up a lot when importing from Excel. Excel shows a number, but SAS reads the column in as a character variable.

It is a bit difficult to *replace* the original character variable with a numeric one, but it is trivial to create a new numeric variable. Just use the input() function.

The syntax is:
numericVar = input(charVar, informat.);

NumericVar is the numeric variable you are hoping to create.
CharVar is the character variable that holds the 'number'.
Informat is a numeric informat that tells SAS how to translate the numeric 'characters' into a useful number. Dates are often used to illustrate this concept:

data _null_;
  charDate = '01mar06';
  numDate = input(charDate, date7.);
run;

In the above case, date7. tells SAS how to interpret the character string '01mar06'
into a number (in this case, the number of days since Jan 01, 1960).

Of course your character variable can be something as simple as '1234'. In that case this would work:

data _null_;
  charVar = '1234';
  numvAR = input(charVar, 4.);
run;

People often confuse the input() function with the put() function. I always
remembered by emphasizing the n sound with this little refrain:

Input Into Numeric.

Macro Debugging

Here's another SAS options related post. Have you ever had the frustration of debugging a big macro you didn't write? (Who hasn't!)

If you answered "yes" to the above then you probably know all about options MACROGEN and MPRINT. And you've probably spent a considerable amount of time staring at the log and all the messy MPRINT statements. Often the "bug" you are trying to find isn't necessarily in the macro code itself, but in the code it generates. Here's an easy way to get to that generated code so you can work directly with the logic it contains.

filename mprint "/tmp/code_to_debug.sas";
options mfile;

This will take the code generated by any subsequent macros and write it to the external file referenced by the filename statement.